Spontaneous hypocarbia without mechanical ventilation in preterm infants with cystic periventricular leukomalacia.

Hypocarbia induced by mechanical ventilation has been considered a main cause of cystic periventricular leukomalacia (cPVL). However, hypocarbia may occur spontaneously in response to intracellular metabolic acidosis. We aimed to assess whether hypocarbia is more common during mechanical respiratory support than during spontaneous ventilation in infants with cPVL. In this single-centre, retrospective chart analysis, we compared partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2 ) during the first 96 hours of life in infants with cPVL during endotracheal mechanical ventilation, non-invasive respiratory support, or without respiratory support. Cystic periventricular leukomalacia was diagnosed in 23 infants born between 2006 and 2017. Gestational age was 24 weeks in two infants and ranged between 28 and 32 weeks in 21 infants. In these 21 infants, pCO2 less than 35 mm Hg during the first 96 ours of life accounted for 9/60 (15%) measurements during endotracheal mechanical ventilation, 16/116 (14%) during non-invasive respiratory support and 14/42 (33%) in infants without respiratory support (P = .014). In our series of infants with cPVL, hypocarbia was more common without respiratory support than during endotracheal mechanical ventilation and non-invasive respiratory support. This would suggest that hypocarbia is a symptom rather than a cause of cPVL in these infants. © 2020 The Authors. Acta Paediatrica published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Foundation Acta Paediatrica.

Citation

Melanie Stenzel, Laura Stüwe-Kunz, Christoph Bührer, Claudia Roll. Spontaneous hypocarbia without mechanical ventilation in preterm infants with cystic periventricular leukomalacia. Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992). 2020 Nov;109(11):2292-2298

Mesh Tags

PMID: 32068917

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