The Natural Metabolite 4-Cresol Improves Glucose Homeostasis and Enhances β-Cell Function.

Cell reports 2020 Feb 18

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Exposure to natural metabolites contributes to the risk of cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs). Through metabolome profiling, we identify the inverse correlation between serum concentrations of 4-cresol and type 2 diabetes. The chronic administration of non-toxic doses of 4-cresol in complementary preclinical models of CMD reduces adiposity, glucose intolerance, and liver triglycerides, enhances insulin secretion in vivo, stimulates islet density and size, and pancreatic β-cell proliferation, and increases vascularization, suggesting activated islet enlargement. In vivo insulin sensitivity is not affected by 4-cresol. The incubation of mouse isolated islets with 4-cresol results in enhanced insulin secretion, insulin content, and β-cell proliferation of a magnitude similar to that induced by GLP-1. In both CMD models and isolated islets, 4-cresol is associated with the downregulated expression of the kinase DYRK1A, which may mediate its biological effects. Our findings identify 4-cresol as an effective regulator of β-cell function, which opens up perspectives for therapeutic applications in syndromes of insulin deficiency. Copyright © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Citation

Francois Brial, Fawaz Alzaid, Kazuhiro Sonomura, Yoichiro Kamatani, Kelly Meneyrol, Aurélie Le Lay, Noémie Péan, Lyamine Hedjazi, Taka-Aki Sato, Nicolas Venteclef, Christophe Magnan, Mark Lathrop, Marc-Emmanuel Dumas, Fumihiko Matsuda, Pierre Zalloua, Dominique Gauguier. The Natural Metabolite 4-Cresol Improves Glucose Homeostasis and Enhances β-Cell Function. Cell reports. 2020 Feb 18;30(7):2306-2320.e5