Cholesterol crystal embolism mimicking a DRESS].

Clinical presentation of cholesterol crystal embolism (CCE) can be dermatologic when cholesterol crystals become lodged in small cutaneous arteries resulting in ischemia. We report a case of CCE with erythroderma misleading to a diagnostic of drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS). A 66 year-old woman presented with erythroderma few months after initiation of allopurinol. Acute renal failure was present with elevation in plasma creatinine concentration (523μmol/L) and hypereosinophilia (HE) (5666/mm3). Finally, the REGISCAR score helped to rule out DRESS diagnostic. Past blood-count tests were analyzed revealing chronic HE present before allopurinol initiation. Renal biopsy identified CCE. This case is the first to report a DRESS like presentation of CCE. Clinical findings are secondary to HE and not to occlusion of cutaneous arteries. Copyright © 2020 Société Nationale Française de Médecine Interne (SNFMI). Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Citation

M Dumas, R Flipo, L Blum, C Jouzel, I Brochériou, E Begon. Cholesterol crystal embolism mimicking a DRESS]. La Revue de medecine interne. 2020 Apr;41(4):275-278

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PMID: 32089328

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