Indexing brain state-dependent pupil dynamics with simultaneous fMRI and optical fiber calcium recording.

Patricia Pais-Roldán, Kengo Takahashi, Filip Sobczak, Yi Chen, Xiaoning Zhao, Hang Zeng, Yuanyuan Jiang, Xin Yu

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2020 Mar 24

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Pupillometry, a noninvasive measure of arousal, complements human functional MRI (fMRI) to detect periods of variable cognitive processing and identify networks that relate to particular attentional states. Even under anesthesia, pupil dynamics correlate with brain-state fluctuations, and extended dilations mark the transition to more arousable states. However, cross-scale neuronal activation patterns are seldom linked to brain state-dependent pupil dynamics. Here, we complemented resting-state fMRI in rats with cortical calcium recording (GCaMP-mediated) and pupillometry to tackle the linkage between brain-state changes and neural dynamics across different scales. This multimodal platform allowed us to identify a global brain network that covaried with pupil size, which served to generate an index indicative of the brain-state fluctuation during anesthesia. Besides, a specific correlation pattern was detected in the brainstem, at a location consistent with noradrenergic cell group 5 (A5), which appeared to be dependent on the coupling between different frequencies of cortical activity, possibly further indicating particular brain-state dynamics. The multimodal fMRI combining concurrent calcium recordings and pupillometry enables tracking brain state-dependent pupil dynamics and identifying unique cross-scale neuronal dynamic patterns under anesthesia.

Citation

Patricia Pais-Roldán, Kengo Takahashi, Filip Sobczak, Yi Chen, Xiaoning Zhao, Hang Zeng, Yuanyuan Jiang, Xin Yu. Indexing brain state-dependent pupil dynamics with simultaneous fMRI and optical fiber calcium recording. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2020 Mar 24;117(12):6875-6882