piRNA-63076 contributes to pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation through acyl-CoA dehydrogenase.

Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are thought to be germline-specific and to be involved in maintaining genome stability during development. Recently, piRNA expression has been identified in somatic cells in diverse organisms. However, the roles of piRNAs in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell (PASMC) proliferation and the molecular mechanism underlying the hypoxia-regulated pathological process of pulmonary hypertension are not well understood. Using hypoxic animal models, cell and molecular biology, we obtained the first evidence that the expression of piRNA-63076 was up-regulated in hypoxia and was positively correlated with cell proliferation. Subsequently, we showed that acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (Acadm), which is negatively regulated by piRNA-63076 and interacts with Piwi proteins, was involved in hypoxic PASMC proliferation. Finally, Acadm inhibition under hypoxia was partly attributed to DNA methylation of the Acadm promoter region mediated by piRNA-63076. Overall, these findings represent invaluable resources for better understanding the role of epigenetics in pulmonary hypertension associated with piRNAs. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine published by Foundation for Cellular and Molecular Medicine and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

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Cui Ma, Lixin Zhang, Xiaoying Wang, Siyu He, June Bai, Qian Li, Min Zhang, Chen Zhang, Xiufeng Yu, Junting Zhang, Wei Xin, Yiying Li, Daling Zhu. piRNA-63076 contributes to pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation through acyl-CoA dehydrogenase. Journal of cellular and molecular medicine. 2020 May;24(9):5260-5273

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PMID: 32227582

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