The Role of PD-1 in Acute and Chronic Infection.

Jil M Jubel, Zachary R Barbati, Christof Burger, Dieter C Wirtz, Frank A Schildberg

Frontiers in immunology 2020

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PD-1 as an immune checkpoint molecule down-regulates T cell activity during immune responses in order to prevent autoimmune tissue damage. In chronic infections or tumors, lasting antigen-exposure leads to permanent PD-1 expression that can limit immune-mediated clearance of pathogens or degenerated cells. Blocking PD-1 can enhance T cell function; in cancer treatment PD-1 blockade is already used as a successful therapy. However, the role of PD-1 expression and blocking in the context of acute and chronic infections is less defined. Building on its success in cancer therapy leads to the hypothesis that blocking PD-1 in infectious diseases is also beneficial in acute or chronic infections. This review will focus on the role of PD-1 expression in acute and chronic infections with virus, bacteria, and parasites, with a particular focus on recent studies regarding PD-1 blockade in infectious diseases. Copyright © 2020 Jubel, Barbati, Burger, Wirtz and Schildberg.

Citation

Jil M Jubel, Zachary R Barbati, Christof Burger, Dieter C Wirtz, Frank A Schildberg. The Role of PD-1 in Acute and Chronic Infection. Frontiers in immunology. 2020;11:487