Crystal Structure of α-Galactosidase from Thermus thermophilus: Insight into Hexamer Assembly and Substrate Specificity.

Sheng-Chia Chen, Szu-Pei Wu, Yu-Yung Chang, Tzann-Shun Hwang, Tzong-Huei Lee, Chun-Hua Hsu

Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2020 Jun 03

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α-Galactosidase catalyzes the hydrolysis of a terminal α-galactose residue in galacto-oligosaccharides and has potential in various industrial applications and food processing. We determined the crystal structures of α-galactosidase from the thermophilic microorganism Thermus thermophilus (TtGalA) and its complexes with pNPGal and stachyose. The monomer folds into an N-terminal domain, a catalytic (β/α)8 barrel domain, and a C-terminal domain. The domain organization is similar to that of the other family of 36 α-galactosidases, but TtGalA presents a cagelike hexamer. Structural analysis shows that oligomerization may be a key factor for the thermal adaption of TtGalA. The structure of TtGalA complexed with stachyose reveals only the existence of one -1 subsite and one +1 subsite in the active site. Structural comparison of the stachyose-bound complexes of TtGalA and GsAgaA, a tetrameric enzyme with four subsites, suggests evolutionary divergence of substrate specificity within the GH36 family of α-galactosidases. To the best of our knowledge, the crystal structure of TtGalA is the first report of a quaternary structure as a hexameric assembly in the α-galactosidase family.

Citation

Sheng-Chia Chen, Szu-Pei Wu, Yu-Yung Chang, Tzann-Shun Hwang, Tzong-Huei Lee, Chun-Hua Hsu. Crystal Structure of α-Galactosidase from Thermus thermophilus: Insight into Hexamer Assembly and Substrate Specificity. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry. 2020 Jun 03;68(22):6161-6169