Human adipose-derived stem cell spheroids incorporating platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and bio-minerals for vascularized bone tissue engineering.

Jinkyu Lee, Sangmin Lee, Taufiq Ahmad, Sajeesh Kumar Madhurakkat Perikamana, Jinki Lee, Eun Mi Kim, Heungsoo Shin

Biomaterials 2020 Oct

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Stem cells with mineralized materials have been used for bone regeneration; however, engineering the complex vascularized structure of the natural bone remains a challenge. Here, we developed platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and bio-mineral coated fibers which were then assembled with human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) to form spheroids as building blocks for vascularized bone regeneration. The PDGF incorporated within the spheroid increased the proliferation of hADSCs, which was characterized by Ki-67 staining and DNA contents. Furthermore, the PDGF enhanced not only osteogenic differentiation, but also endothelial differentiation of hADSCs; the cells within the spheroids showed significantly greater gene expression by 2.46 ± 0.14 fold for osteocalcin (OCN) and by 12.85 ± 3.36 fold for von Willebrand factor (vWF) than those without PDGF. Finally, at two months following transplantation of PDGF-incorporated spheroids onto in vivo mouse calvarial defect, the regenerated bone area (42.48 ± 10.84%) was significantly enhanced and the greatest number of capillaries and arterioles with indication of transplanted hADSCs were observed. Moreover, millimeter-scale in vitro tissue prepared by fused assembly of the spheroids exhibited greater mRNA expression-associated to endothelial lineage. Taken together, these findings indicate that stem cell spheroids incorporating PDGF and bio-minerals could be used as a module for successful vascularized bone regeneration. Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Citation

Jinkyu Lee, Sangmin Lee, Taufiq Ahmad, Sajeesh Kumar Madhurakkat Perikamana, Jinki Lee, Eun Mi Kim, Heungsoo Shin. Human adipose-derived stem cell spheroids incorporating platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and bio-minerals for vascularized bone tissue engineering. Biomaterials. 2020 Oct;255:120192