Correlations between tear fluid and aqueous humor cytokine levels in bullous keratopathy.

Daisuke Tomida, Yukari Yagi-Yaguchi, Kazunari Higa, Yoshiyuki Satake, Jun Shimazaki, Takefumi Yamaguchi

The ocular surface 2020 Oct

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To evaluate the correlation between tear fluid and aqueous humor (AqH) cytokine levels in eyes with bullous keratopathy (BK) and with normal endothelium. This prospective consecutive case-series study included 71 eyes of 71 patients: 31 eyes with BK, 18 eyes with non-BK corneal diseases, and 22 eyes with uncomplicated cataract (healthy controls). Total protein and cytokine (interleukin [IL]-1α, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, monocyte chemotactic protein [MCP]-1, E-selectin, P-selectin, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule [sICAM]-1, and IP-10) levels in the tear fluid and AqH were measured using multiplex beads immunoassay. The correlations between tear and AqH cytokine levels were assessed. The AqH protein level was significantly higher in BK eyes (1.09 ± 0.08 mg/mL) than in non-BK (0.63 ± 0.11, P = 0.0004) and healthy control (0.62 ± 0.06, P = 0.0002) eyes. The tear total protein and IL-4 levels were significantly higher in the BK group compared to healthy controls (P = 0.0374 and 0.0032, respectively). The AqH IL-8 and sICAM-1 levels were significantly higher in the BK group compared to controls (P = 0.0001 and 0.0083, respectively). In BK eyes, the tear IL-4 level was significantly correlated with the MCP-1(r = 0.563, P = 0.001) and total protein (r = 0.589, P = 0.001) AqH levels. The tear IL-8 level was significantly correlated with the MCP-1(r = 0.598, p = 0.001) and IL-4 (r = 0.781, p < 0.0001) AqH levels in BK eyes. However, no significant correlations were found between tear and AqH cytokine levels in non-BK and healthy controls eyes. The tear cytokine levels are correlated with those of AqH only in BK, but not in non-BK and healthy controls. Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Citation

Daisuke Tomida, Yukari Yagi-Yaguchi, Kazunari Higa, Yoshiyuki Satake, Jun Shimazaki, Takefumi Yamaguchi. Correlations between tear fluid and aqueous humor cytokine levels in bullous keratopathy. The ocular surface. 2020 Oct;18(4):801-807