Roles of IL-1 in Cancer: From Tumor Progression to Resistance to Targeted Therapies.

Valerio Gelfo, Donatella Romaniello, Martina Mazzeschi, Michela Sgarzi, Giada Grilli, Alessandra Morselli, Beatrice Manzan, Karim Rihawi, Mattia Lauriola

International journal of molecular sciences 2020 Aug 20

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IL-1 belongs to a family of 11 members and is one of the seven receptor-agonists with pro-inflammatory activity. Beyond its biological role as a regulator of the innate immune response, IL-1 is involved in stress and chronic inflammation, therefore it is responsible for several pathological conditions. In particular, IL-1 is known to exert a critical function in malignancies, influencing the tumor microenvironment and promoting cancer initiation and progression. Thus, it orchestrates immunosuppression recruiting pro-tumor immune cells of myeloid origin. Furthermore, new recent findings showed that this cytokine can be directly produced by tumor cells in a positive feedback loop and contributes to the failure of targeted therapy. Activation of anti-apoptotic signaling pathways and senescence are some of the mechanisms recently proposed, but the role of IL-1 in tumor cells refractory to standard therapies needs to be further investigated.

Citation

Valerio Gelfo, Donatella Romaniello, Martina Mazzeschi, Michela Sgarzi, Giada Grilli, Alessandra Morselli, Beatrice Manzan, Karim Rihawi, Mattia Lauriola. Roles of IL-1 in Cancer: From Tumor Progression to Resistance to Targeted Therapies. International journal of molecular sciences. 2020 Aug 20;21(17)