Studies of lincosamide formation complete the biosynthetic pathway for lincomycin A.

Shao-An Wang, Chia-I Lin, Jiawei Zhang, Richiro Ushimaru, Eita Sasaki, Hung-Wen Liu

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2020 Oct 06

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The structure of lincomycin A consists of the unusual eight-carbon thiosugar core methyllincosamide (MTL) decorated with a pendent N-methylprolinyl moiety. Previous studies on MTL biosynthesis have suggested GDP-ᴅ-erythro-α-ᴅ-gluco-octose and GDP-ᴅ-α-ᴅ-lincosamide as key intermediates in the pathway. However, the enzyme-catalyzed reactions resulting in the conversion of GDP-ᴅ-erythro-α-ᴅ-gluco-octose to GDP-ᴅ-α-ᴅ-lincosamide have not yet been elucidated. Herein, a biosynthetic subpathway involving the activities of four enzymes-LmbM, LmbL, CcbZ, and CcbS (the LmbZ and LmbS equivalents in the closely related celesticetin pathway)-is reported. These enzymes catalyze the previously unknown biosynthetic steps including 6-epimerization, 6,8-dehydration, 4-epimerization, and 6-transamination that convert GDP-ᴅ-erythro-α-ᴅ-gluco-octose to GDP-ᴅ-α-ᴅ-lincosamide. Identification of these reactions completes the description of the entire lincomycin biosynthetic pathway. This work is significant since it not only resolves the missing link in octose core assembly of a thiosugar-containing natural product but also showcases the sophistication in catalytic logic of enzymes involved in carbohydrate transformations.

Citation

Shao-An Wang, Chia-I Lin, Jiawei Zhang, Richiro Ushimaru, Eita Sasaki, Hung-Wen Liu. Studies of lincosamide formation complete the biosynthetic pathway for lincomycin A. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2020 Oct 06;117(40):24794-24801