Suppressor tRNA-based Biosensors for Detecting Analytes.

Atsushi Ogawa

Analytical sciences : the international journal of the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry 2021 Mar 10

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A nonsense suppressor tRNA (sup-tRNA) allows a natural or non-natural amino acid to be assigned to a nonsense codon in mRNA. Sup-tRNAs were utilized initially for studying tRNA functions but lately are used more for protein engineering and gene regulation. In the latter application, a sup-tRNA that is aminoacylated with a natural amino acid by the corresponding aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase is used to express a full-length natural protein from its mutated gene with a nonsense codon in the middle. This type of sup-tRNA has recently been artificially evolved to develop biosensors. In these biosensors, an analyte induces the processing of an engineered premature sup-tRNA into a mature sup-tRNA, which suppresses the corresponding nonsense codon incorporated into a gene, encoding an easily detectable reporter protein. This review introduces sup-tRNA-based biosensors that the author's group has developed by utilizing bacterial and eukaryotic cell-free translation systems.

Citation

Atsushi Ogawa. Suppressor tRNA-based Biosensors for Detecting Analytes. Analytical sciences : the international journal of the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry. 2021 Mar 10;37(3):407-414