Papain immobilization on heterofunctional membrane bacterial cellulose as a potential strategy for the debridement of skin wounds.

International journal of biological macromolecules 2020 Dec 15

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We combined the chemical and physical methods of papain immobilization through the aldehyde groups available on oxidized bacterial cellulose (OxBC) to provide high proteolytic activity for future applications as bioactive dressing. Bacterial cellulose (BC) was obtained by the fermentation of Komagataeibacter hansenii in Hestrin-Schramm medium for 5 days, followed by purification and oxidation using NaIO4. Surface response methodology was used to optimize papain immobilization (2%, w/v) for 24 h. The independent variables: pH (3-7) and temperature (5 to 45 °C) were investigated. The mathematically validated optimal conditions of 45 °C and pH 7 had a statistical effect on the immobilization yield (IY) of papain in OxBC (52.9%). These ideal conditions were also used for papain immobilization in BC (unoxidized). The IY of 9.1% was lower than that of OxBC. OxBC-Papain and BC-Papain were investigated using thermal analysis, confocal microscopy, and diffusion testing. The OxBC support exhibited a more interactive chemical structure than the BC support, and was capable of immobilizing papain by covalent bonds (-C-NHR) and adsorption (ion exchange), with 93.3% recovered activity, 49.4% immobilization efficiency, and better thermal stability. Papain immobilized to OxBC by adsorption displayed 53% widespread papain activity. The results indicate the potential of prolonged bioactivity in debrided chronic wounds. Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Citation

Niédja Fittipaldi Vasconcelos, Arcelina Pacheco Cunha, Nágila Maria Pontes Silva Ricardo, Rosemayre Souza Freire, Lídia de Araújo Pinto Vieira, Ana Iraidy Santa Brígida, Maria de Fátima Borges, Morsyleide de Freitas Rosa, Rodrigo Silveira Vieira, Fábia Karine Andrade. Papain immobilization on heterofunctional membrane bacterial cellulose as a potential strategy for the debridement of skin wounds. International journal of biological macromolecules. 2020 Dec 15;165(Pt B):3065-3077