Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells mediate protective host responses in sepsis.

eLife 2020 Nov 09

filter terms:

Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response to infection and a leading cause of death. Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are innate-like T cells enriched in mucosal tissues that recognize bacterial ligands. We investigated MAIT cells during clinical and experimental sepsis, and their contribution to host responses. In experimental sepsis, MAIT-deficient mice had significantly increased mortality and bacterial load, and reduced tissue-specific cytokine responses. MAIT cells of WT mice expressed lower levels of IFN-γ and IL-17a during sepsis compared to sham surgery, changes not seen in non-MAIT T cells. MAIT cells of patients at sepsis presentation were significantly reduced in frequency compared to healthy donors, and were more activated, with decreased IFN-γ production, compared to both healthy donors and paired 90-day samples. Our data suggest that MAIT cells are highly activated and become dysfunctional during clinical sepsis, and contribute to tissue-specific cytokine responses that are protective against mortality during experimental sepsis. © 2020, Trivedi et al.

Citation

Shubhanshi Trivedi, Daniel Labuz, Cole P Anderson, Claudia V Araujo, Antoinette Blair, Elizabeth A Middleton, Owen Jensen, Alexander Tran, Matthew A Mulvey, Robert A Campbell, J Scott Hale, Matthew T Rondina, Daniel T Leung. Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells mediate protective host responses in sepsis. eLife. 2020 Nov 09;9