Rotavirus induces intercellular calcium waves through ADP signaling.

Science (New York, N.Y.) 2020 Nov 20

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Rotavirus causes severe diarrheal disease in children by broadly dysregulating intestinal homeostasis. However, the underlying mechanism(s) of rotavirus-induced dysregulation remains unclear. We found that rotavirus-infected cells produce paracrine signals that manifested as intercellular calcium waves (ICWs), observed in cell lines and human intestinal enteroids. Rotavirus ICWs were caused by the release of extracellular adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP) that activated P2Y1 purinergic receptors on neighboring cells. ICWs were blocked by P2Y1 antagonists or CRISPR-Cas9 knockout of the P2Y1 receptor. Blocking the ADP signal reduced rotavirus replication, inhibited rotavirus-induced serotonin release and fluid secretion, and reduced diarrhea severity in neonatal mice. Thus, rotavirus exploited paracrine purinergic signaling to generate ICWs that amplified the dysregulation of host cells and altered gastrointestinal physiology to cause diarrhea. Copyright © 2020 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works.

Citation

Alexandra L Chang-Graham, Jacob L Perry, Melinda A Engevik, Kristen A Engevik, Francesca J Scribano, J Thomas Gebert, Heather A Danhof, Joel C Nelson, Joseph S Kellen, Alicia C Strtak, Narayan P Sastri, Mary K Estes, Robert A Britton, James Versalovic, Joseph M Hyser. Rotavirus induces intercellular calcium waves through ADP signaling. Science (New York, N.Y.). 2020 Nov 20;370(6519)