Dual role of eugenol on chronic gastric ulcer in rats: Low-dose healing efficacy and the worsening gastric lesion in high doses.

Chemico-biological interactions 2021 Jan 05

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This study evaluated the gastric healing activity of eugenol, the main bioactive compound from clove (Syzygium aromaticun) essential oil. Five groups of female Wistar rats were submitted to acetic acid-induced ulcer model and treated with Vehicle (1 mL/kg, p.o.), eugenol (1, 10 or 100 mg/kg, p.o) or omeprazole (20 mg/kg, p.o), twice a day, by seven or fourteen days. Macroscopic, microscopic and biochemical analyses were performed in the ulcerated site. Eugenol (1 mg/kg, p.o) administered by 7 or 14 days accelerated the gastric healing process by 33% and 52%, respectively. The healing actions of eugenol were accompanied by the rescue on the histological architecture and the normalization of the superoxide dismutase and catalase activity. Moreover, eugenol (1 mg/kg, p.o) reduced the gastric mucosal myeloperoxidase activity and increased the mucin secretion. In contrast, eugenol at a dose of 100 mg/kg administered by 7 days enhanced 49% the ulcerated area, but at 10 mg/kg did not change the ulcer area after 7 or 14 days of treatment. Thus, despite the undesirable results due to the worsening of the gastric lesion with the use of eugenol in high doses, the antiulcer potential of this compound is evident and manageable in an adequate dose. Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Citation

Bruna Longo, Ellen Perfoll Sommerfeld, Ana Caroline Dos Santos, Rita de Cássia Melo Vilhena de Andrade Fonseca da Silva, Lincon Bordignon Somensi, Luísa Nathalia Bolda Mariano, Thaise Boeing, Sérgio Faloni de Andrade, Priscila de Souza, Luísa Mota da Silva. Dual role of eugenol on chronic gastric ulcer in rats: Low-dose healing efficacy and the worsening gastric lesion in high doses. Chemico-biological interactions. 2021 Jan 05;333:109335