Combination effects of a fatty diet and exercise on the depressive state and cardioprotection in apolipoprotein E knockout mice with a change in RCAN1 expression.

Regulator of calcineurin 1 (RCAN1) controls plasticity of the nervous system and depressive conditions by regulating brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) and plays a crucial role in neural and cardiac pathways. The apolipoprotein E gene (ApoE) is a robust risk factor for progression of Alzheimer's disease. A fatty diet is considered detrimental for metabolic disorders, such as obesity and cardiovascular diseases. We examined the neuronal and cardiac protective roles of RCAN1 in ApoE-/- mice that were fed a high- or low-fat diet with and without voluntary movement for 3 months. Organ weights, laboratory data, histology, RNA expression, and behavior were examined. A high-fat diet with exercise improved depressive function, as examined by the forced swimming test, and RCAN1 mRNA expression was induced in the hippocampus. A low-fat diet with exercise resulted in a reduced body weight, higher heart weight/body weight ratio, and lower circulating triglyceride levels compared with a low-fat diet without exercise. RCAN1 mRNA expression was increased in cardiomyocytes in ApoE-/- mice. The combination of a high-fat diet and exercise might reduce depressive function, whereas a low-fat diet with exercise leads to cardioprotection. Induction of RCAN1 expression might affect neuroplasticity and cardiac function.

Citation

Wang Shuo, Haicong Li, Nishijo Muneko, Nishino Yoshikazu, Nobuo Kato, Yuji Kasamaki, Tadashi Ueda, Tsugiyasu Kanda. Combination effects of a fatty diet and exercise on the depressive state and cardioprotection in apolipoprotein E knockout mice with a change in RCAN1 expression. The Journal of international medical research. 2020 Nov;48(11):300060520964016

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PMID: 33251902

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