Optical sensors of heterotrimeric G protein signaling.

Alexey Bondar, Josef Lazar

The FEBS journal 2021 Apr

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Heterotrimeric G proteins are central mediators of cellular signal transduction. They receive, process, and transduce signals from G protein-coupled receptors to downstream effectors. Since their discovery, a number of optical sensors of G protein localisation and function have been developed and applied in living systems. In this minireview, we provide an overview of existing G protein-based sensors and the experimental approaches they utilise, with emphasis on live-cell imaging techniques. We outline recent advances, as well as identify current challenges and likely future directions in the field of G protein sensor development. © 2020 Federation of European Biochemical Societies.