Fast green FCF inhibits Aβ fibrillogenesis, disintegrates mature fibrils, reduces the cytotoxicity, and attenuates Aβ-induced cognitive impairment in mice.

Fast green FCF (FGF) is often used in foods, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. However, little is known about the interactions of FGF with amyloid-β protein (Aβ) associated with Alzheimer's disease. In this study, the inhibitory effects of FGF on Aβ fibrillogenesis, the disruption of preformed Aβ fibrils, the reduction of Aβ-induced cytotoxicity, and the attenuation of Aβ-induced learning and memory impairments in mice were investigated. FGF significantly inhibited Aβ fibrillogenesis and disintegrated the mature fibrils as evidenced by thioflavin T fluorescence and atomic force microscopy studies. Co-incubation of Aβ with FGF greatly reduced Aβ-induced cytotoxicity in vitro. Moreover, FGF showed a protective effect against cognitive impairment in Aβ-treated mice. Molecular dynamics simulations further showed that FGF could synergistically interact with the Aβ17-42 pentamer via electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonds and π-π interactions, which reduced the β-sheet content, and disordered random coils and bend structures of the Aβ17-42 pentamer. This study offers a comprehensive understanding of the inhibitory effects of FGF against Aβ neurotoxicity, which is critical for the search of effective food additives that can combat amyloid-associated disease. Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Citation

Fufeng Liu, Wenjuan Wang, Zhenquan Xuan, Luying Jiang, Beibei Chen, Qinchen Dong, Fang Zhao, Wei Cui, Li Li, Fuping Lu. Fast green FCF inhibits Aβ fibrillogenesis, disintegrates mature fibrils, reduces the cytotoxicity, and attenuates Aβ-induced cognitive impairment in mice. International journal of biological macromolecules. 2021 Feb 15;170:33-41

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PMID: 33352157

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