A maternal high-fat/low-fiber diet impairs glucose tolerance and induces the formation of glycolytic muscle fibers in neonatal offspring.

In our previous study, the maternal high-fat/low-fiber (HF-LF) diet was suggested to induce metabolic disorders and placental dysfunction of the dam, but the effects of this diet on glucose metabolism of neonatal offspring remain largely unknown. Here, a neonatal pig model was used to evaluate the effects of maternal HF-LF diet during pregnancy on glucose tolerance, transition of skeletal muscle fiber types, and mitochondrial function in offspring. A total of 66 pregnant gilts (Guangdong Small-ear Spotted pig) at day 60 of gestation were randomly divided into two groups: control group (CON group; 2.86% crude fat, 9.37% crude fiber), and high-fat/low-fiber diet group (HF-LF group; 5.99% crude fat, 4.13% crude fiber). The maternal HF-LF diet was shown to impair the glucose tolerance of neonatal offspring, downregulate the protein level of slow-twitch fiber myosin heavy chain I (MyHC I), and upregulate the protein levels of fast-twitch fiber myosin heavy chain IIb (MyHC IIb) and IIx (MyHC IIx) in soleus muscle. Additionally, compared with the CON group, the HF-LF offspring showed inhibition of insulin signaling pathway and decrease in mitochondrial function in liver and soleus muscle. Maternal HF-LF diet during pregnancy impairs glucose tolerance, induces the formation of glycolytic muscle fibers, and decreases the hepatic and muscular mitochondrial function in neonatal piglets. © 2021. Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

Citation

Chengjun Hu, Yunyu Yang, Minxia Chen, Xiangyu Hao, Shuqi Wang, Linfang Yang, Yulong Yin, Chengquan Tan. A maternal high-fat/low-fiber diet impairs glucose tolerance and induces the formation of glycolytic muscle fibers in neonatal offspring. European journal of nutrition. 2021 Aug;60(5):2709-2718

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PMID: 33386892

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