Efficient adsorption of diclofenac sodium in water by a novel functionalized cellulose aerogel.

Yuancai Lv, Zuxue Liang, Yinghan Li, Yicong Chen, Kaiyang Liu, Guifang Yang, Yifan Liu, Chunxiang Lin, Xiaoxia Ye, Yongqian Shi, Minghua Liu

Environmental research 2021 Mar

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In this work, a novel cellulose aerogel (CNC-PVAm/rGO) was fabricated using cellulose nanocrystalline (CNC) modified with polyvinylamine (PVAm) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The resultant CNC-PVAm/rGO was then applied for the adsorption of diclofenac sodium (DCF), a typical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Characterization using ultra-high-resolution field emission scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area revealed that the obtained CNC-PVAm/rGO displayed an evident 3D porous structure, which had an ultralight weight, good recovery, abundant surface functional groups (e.g., -NH2 and -OH), and rGO nanosheets. In addition, the material presented a stable crystal structure and large specific surface area (105.73 m2 g-1). During the adsorption of DCF, the CNC-PVAm/rGO aerogel showed a rather excellent adsorption performance, with a maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) of 605.87 mg g-1, which was approximately 53 times larger than that of the bare CNC aerogel (11.45 mg g-1). The adsorption performance of CNC-PVAm/rGO was also better than that of other reported adsorbents. The adsorption of DCF to CNC-PVAm/rGO obeyed the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models, and underwent a spontaneous exothermic process. Moreover, DCF was easily desorbed from CNC-PVAm/rGO with sodium hydroxide solution (0.1 mol L-1), and the absorbent could be reused four times. The introduction of PVAm and rGO to the CNC-PVAm/rGO aerogel also greatly enhanced electrostatic interactions, π-π interactions, and hydrophobic effects. These enhancements significantly promoted the hydrogen bonding interactions between the DCF molecules and CNC-PVAm/rGO, thus resulting in a large improvement in the adsorption performance of the aerogel. Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Citation

Yuancai Lv, Zuxue Liang, Yinghan Li, Yicong Chen, Kaiyang Liu, Guifang Yang, Yifan Liu, Chunxiang Lin, Xiaoxia Ye, Yongqian Shi, Minghua Liu. Efficient adsorption of diclofenac sodium in water by a novel functionalized cellulose aerogel. Environmental research. 2021 Mar;194:110652