Effects of Exercise Mode on Postprandial Metabolism in Humans with Chronic Paraplegia.

David W McMillan, Jennifer L Maher, Kevin A Jacobs, Armando J Mendez, Mark S Nash, James L J Bilzon

Medicine and science in sports and exercise 2021 Jul 01

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The purpose of this study was to assess the acute effects of exercise mode and intensity on postprandial macronutrient metabolism. Ten healthy men age 39 ± 10 yr with chronic paraplegia (13.2 ± 8.8 yr, ASIA A-C) completed three isocaloric bouts of upper-body exercise and a resting control. After an overnight fast, participants completed circuit resistance exercise (CRE) first and the following conditions in a randomized order, separated by >48 h: i) control (CON), ~45-min seated rest; ii) moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE), ~40-min arm cranking at a resistance equivalent to ~30% peak power output (PPO); and iii) high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE), ~30 min arm cranking with resistance alternating every 2 min between 10% PPO and 70% PPO. After each condition, participants completed a mixed-meal tolerance test consisting of a 2510-kJ liquid meal (35% fat, 50% carbohydrate, 15% protein). Blood and expired gas samples were collected at baseline and regular intervals for 150 min after a meal. An interaction (P < 0.001) was observed, with rates of lipid oxidation elevated above CON in HIIE until 60 min after a meal and in CRE at all postprandial time points up to 150 min after a meal. Postprandial blood glycerol was greater in MICE (P = 0.020) and CRE (P = 0.001) compared with CON. Furthermore, nonesterified fatty acid area under the curve had a moderate-to-strong effect in CRE versus MICE and HIIE (Cohen's d = -0.76 and -0.50, respectively). In persons with paraplegia, high-intensity exercise increased postprandial energy expenditure independent of the energy cost of exercise. Furthermore, exercise combining resistance and endurance modes (CRE) showed the greater effect on postprandial lipid oxidation. Copyright © 2020 by the American College of Sports Medicine.

Citation

David W McMillan, Jennifer L Maher, Kevin A Jacobs, Armando J Mendez, Mark S Nash, James L J Bilzon. Effects of Exercise Mode on Postprandial Metabolism in Humans with Chronic Paraplegia. Medicine and science in sports and exercise. 2021 Jul 01;53(7):1495-1504