RHABDOMYOLYSIS - INDUCED ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY - AN UNDERESTIMATED PROBLEM.

Marlena Kwiatkowska, Inga Chomicka, Jolanta Malyszko

Wiadomosci lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland : 1960) 2020

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Rhabdomyolysis is a condition characterized by muscle damage and the release of intracellular muscle contents into the circulation. It leads to a lot of complications e.g. hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, and calcium disorders. The etiology is multifactorial. Severity ranges from mildly muscle weakness without any systemic complications, to life-threatening multi-organ damage. The most common and serious systemic complication is acute kidney injury (AKI). In the review, we address the epidemiology, causes, and treatment. The ideal would be to predict and prevent rhabdomyolysis at all, but when it is impossible, the key to successful treatment is its rapid implementation. Therapy should be selected individually, adapting to the triggers, and closely monitoring the patient's condition. Early implementation of fluid therapy appears to be crucial. Electrolyte disturbances should always be detected in the early stages and carefully treated. The use of bicarbonates or diuretics may also be helpful, but especially in the latter case, the indications should be well evaluated, remembering to avoid hypovolemia. Renal replacement therapy is often implemented due to water-electrolyte or acid-base disorders. Proper diagnosis and early therapy implementation improve patient outcomes, in particular in the face of new infectious dangers and global underestimating of the disease.

Citation

Marlena Kwiatkowska, Inga Chomicka, Jolanta Malyszko. RHABDOMYOLYSIS - INDUCED ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY - AN UNDERESTIMATED PROBLEM. Wiadomosci lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland : 1960). 2020;73(11):2543-2548