History, challenges and perspectives on Loxosceles (brown spiders) antivenom production in Brazil.

Ana Luísa Soares de Miranda, Clara Guerra-Duarte, Sabrina de Almeida Lima, Carlos Chávez-Olórtegui, Benito Soto-Blanco

Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology 2021 Mar

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Antivenom is the only effective therapy for treating any envenomation. Despite its obvious public health importance, the laborious process of procuring, distributing and controlling the quality of such immunobiologicals is being neglected. Brazil is fully self-sufficient in the production of antivenoms. Since the 1950s, Loxoscelism, a syndrome with an onset after a spider bite from specimens of the Loxosceles genus occurs, is considered a public health issue. The Brazilian history in developing antivenom therapy, its production hindrances, and other challenges are discussed in this paper, as well as some promising novelties that can improve production and processing of Loxosceles antivenom. Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Citation

Ana Luísa Soares de Miranda, Clara Guerra-Duarte, Sabrina de Almeida Lima, Carlos Chávez-Olórtegui, Benito Soto-Blanco. History, challenges and perspectives on Loxosceles (brown spiders) antivenom production in Brazil. Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology. 2021 Mar;192:40-45