Specific inhibition of IL-6 receptor attenuates inflammatory bone loss in experimental periodontitis.

Journal of periodontology 2021 Oct

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Periodontal pathogenesis takes into consideration that disease results from a complex inflammatory immune response. Among the major cytokines related to periodontal damage, interleukin (IL)-6 enhances a cascade of tissue destruction. Tocilizumab (TCZ) is a humanized monoclonal anti-human IL-6 receptor that inhibits IL-6-mediated proinflammatory activity. This study aimed to elucidate whether TCZ inhibits the deleterious effect of ligature-induced periodontitis. Experimental ligature-induced periodontitis was treated with systemic administration of TCZ intraperitoneally in three different concentration dosages (2 mg/kg, 4 mg/kg, and 8 mg/kg. Euthanasia occurred at 7 and 14 days after the initiation of the study. Local changes in the alveolar bone were measured by bone volume, the ratio of bone volume, and trabecular thickness using microcomputed tomography. Attachment loss and inflammatory infiltrate were evaluated by histology. Immune response was analyzed focusing on the Th17 pattern. TCZ inhibited alveolar bone resorption and attachment loss in 7 and 14 days for all dosage groups in comparison to controls (P < 0.05). Besides, TCZ induced lower expression of inflammatory infiltrate (P <0.05) and less production of Th17-related cytokines (P <0.05) and RANKL (P <0.05). The inhibition of IL-6-mediated proinflammatory activity by IL-6R blocking reduced alveolar bone resorption and attachment loss supported by the modulation of the Th17 periodontal response. Considering the inflammatory status, modulatory therapy may be a promising approach to periodontal disease. © 2021 American Academy of Periodontology.

Citation

Gustavo H Apolinário Vieira, Ana Carolina Aparecida Rivas, Karine Figueiredo Costa, Luis Fernando Ferreira Oliveira, Kleber Tanaka Suzuki, Michel Reis Messora, Milla Sprone Ricoldi, Adriana Luisa Gonçalves de Almeida, Mario Taba. Specific inhibition of IL-6 receptor attenuates inflammatory bone loss in experimental periodontitis. Journal of periodontology. 2021 Oct;92(10):1460-1469