Self-Assembled Pyrene Stacks and Peptide Monolayers Tune the Electronic Properties of Functionalized Electrolyte-Gated Graphene Field-Effect Transistors.

Kishan Thodkar, Pierre-Andre Cazade, Frank Bergmann, Eloisa Lopez-Calle, Damien Thompson, Dieter Heindl

ACS applied materials & interfaces 2021 Feb 24

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Aromatic molecules such as pyrenes are a unique class of building units for graphene functionalization, forming highly ordered π-π stacks while peptides provide more complex, biocompatible linkers. Understanding the adsorption and stacking behavior of these molecules and their influence on material properties is an essential step in enabling highly repeatable 2D material-based applications, such as biosensors, gas sensors, and solar cells. In this work, we characterize pyrene and peptide self-assembly on graphene substrates using fluorescence microscopy, atomic force microscopy and electrolyte-gated field-effect measurements supported by quantum mechanical calculations. We find distinct binding and assembly modes for pyrenes versus peptides with corresponding distinct electronic signatures in their characteristic charge neutrality point and field-effect slope responses. Our data demonstrates that pyrene- and peptide-based self-assembly platforms can be highly beneficial for precisely customizing graphene electronic properties for desired device technologies such as transport-based biosensing graphene field-effect transistors.

Citation

Kishan Thodkar, Pierre-Andre Cazade, Frank Bergmann, Eloisa Lopez-Calle, Damien Thompson, Dieter Heindl. Self-Assembled Pyrene Stacks and Peptide Monolayers Tune the Electronic Properties of Functionalized Electrolyte-Gated Graphene Field-Effect Transistors. ACS applied materials & interfaces. 2021 Feb 24;13(7):9134-9142