Transforming growth factor-beta1 and myeloid-derived suppressor cells: A cancerous partnership.

Slavko Mojsilovic, Sonja S Mojsilovic, Suncica Bjelica, Juan F Santibanez

Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists 2022 Jan

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Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1) plays a crucial role in tumor progression. It can inhibit early cancer stages but promotes tumor growth and development at the late stages of tumorigenesis. TGF-β1 has a potent immunosuppressive function within the tumor microenvironment that largely contributes to tumor cells' immune escape and reduction in cancer immunotherapy responses. Likewise, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) have been postulated as leading tumor promoters and a hallmark of cancer immune evasion mechanisms. This review attempts to analyze the prominent roles of both TGF-β1 and MDSCs and their interplay in cancer immunity. Furthermore, therapies against either TGF-β1 or MDSCs, and their potential synergistic combination with immunotherapies are discussed. Simultaneous TGF-β1 and MDSCs inhibition suggest a potential improvement in immunotherapy or subverted tumor immune resistance. © 2021 American Association of Anatomists.

Citation

Slavko Mojsilovic, Sonja S Mojsilovic, Suncica Bjelica, Juan F Santibanez. Transforming growth factor-beta1 and myeloid-derived suppressor cells: A cancerous partnership. Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists. 2022 Jan;251(1):105-124