Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 S Protein Binds to Glycans of the Lactosamine Family in vitro.

Alexandr B Ryzhikov, Galina S Onkhonova, Ilnaz R Imatdinov, Elena V Gavrilova, Rinat A Maksyutov, Elena A Gordeeva, Galina V Pazynina, Ivan M Ryzhov, Nadezhda V Shilova, Nicolai V Bovin

Biochemistry. Biokhimiia 2021 Mar

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Many viruses, beside binding to their main cell target, interact with other molecules that promote virus adhesion to the cell; often, these additional targets are glycans. The main receptor for SARS-CoV-2 is a peptide motif in the ACE2 protein. We studied interaction of the recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein with an array of glycoconjugates, including various sialylated, sulfated, and other glycans, and found that the S protein binds some (but not all) glycans of the lactosamine family. We suggest that parallel influenza infection will promote SARS-CoV-2 adhesion to the respiratory epithelial cells due to the unmasking of lactosamine chains by the influenza virus neuraminidase.

Citation

Alexandr B Ryzhikov, Galina S Onkhonova, Ilnaz R Imatdinov, Elena V Gavrilova, Rinat A Maksyutov, Elena A Gordeeva, Galina V Pazynina, Ivan M Ryzhov, Nadezhda V Shilova, Nicolai V Bovin. Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 S Protein Binds to Glycans of the Lactosamine Family in vitro. Biochemistry. Biokhimiia. 2021 Mar;86(3):243-247