Plasma LDH: A specific biomarker for lung affectation in COVID-19?

We aimed to determine whether the plasma profile of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isoenzymes is altered in patients with COVID-19, and whether this is attributable to a specific release of LDH-3, the main LDH isoenzyme expressed in lungs. We collected fresh plasma aliquots from 17 patients (LDH range, 281-822 U/L) and seven controls (LDH ​< ​230 U/L). In-gel relative activity of the different LDH isoenzymes was determined by electrophoresis and densitometric analysis. Despite the expected higher total LDH activity levels in patients (p ​< ​0.001), the in-gel relative activities of LDH isoenzymes did not differ between patients and controls (all p ​> ​0.05). We found no correlation between total plasma LDH activity and the in-gel relative activities of the different LDH isoenzymes, including LDH-3. Likewise, there was no correlation between LDH-3 and various routine haematological and serum parameters that have been previously reported to be altered in COVID-19 (such as lymphocyte count, albumin, alanine and aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine, C-reactive protein, or ferritin). Our findings suggest that elevation of plasma LDH activity in patients with COVID-19 is not associated to a specific release of LDH-3 into the bloodstream, and do not support the use of LDH as a specific biomarker for lung affectation in patients with COVID-19. © 2021 The Authors.

Citation

Pablo Serrano-Lorenzo, Olga N Coya, Ana López-Jimenez, Alberto Blázquez, Aitor Delmiro, Alejandro Lucia, Joaquín Arenas, Miguel A Martín, COVID-19 ’12 Octubre’ Hospital Clinical Biochemistry Study Group. Plasma LDH: A specific biomarker for lung affectation in COVID-19? Practical laboratory medicine. 2021 May;25:e00226

PMID: 33898686

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