Loss of function mutations in GEMIN5 cause a neurodevelopmental disorder.

GEMIN5, an RNA-binding protein is essential for assembly of the survival motor neuron (SMN) protein complex and facilitates the formation of small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), the building blocks of spliceosomes. Here, we have identified 30 affected individuals from 22 unrelated families presenting with developmental delay, hypotonia, and cerebellar ataxia harboring biallelic variants in the GEMIN5 gene. Mutations in GEMIN5 perturb the subcellular distribution, stability, and expression of GEMIN5 protein and its interacting partners in patient iPSC-derived neurons, suggesting a potential loss-of-function mechanism. GEMIN5 mutations result in disruption of snRNP complex assembly formation in patient iPSC neurons. Furthermore, knock down of rigor mortis, the fly homolog of human GEMIN5, leads to developmental defects, motor dysfunction, and a reduced lifespan. Interestingly, we observed that GEMIN5 variants disrupt a distinct set of transcripts and pathways as compared to SMA patient neurons, suggesting different molecular pathomechanisms. These findings collectively provide evidence that pathogenic variants in GEMIN5 perturb physiological functions and result in a neurodevelopmental delay and ataxia syndrome.

Citation

Sukhleen Kour, Deepa S Rajan, Tyler R Fortuna, Eric N Anderson, Caroline Ward, Youngha Lee, Sangmoon Lee, Yong Beom Shin, Jong-Hee Chae, Murim Choi, Karine Siquier, Vincent Cantagrel, Jeanne Amiel, Elliot S Stolerman, Sarah S Barnett, Margot A Cousin, Diana Castro, Kimberly McDonald, Brian Kirmse, Andrea H Nemeth, Dhivyaa Rajasundaram, A Micheil Innes, Danielle Lynch, Patrick Frosk, Abigail Collins, Melissa Gibbons, Michele Yang, Isabelle Desguerre, Nathalie Boddaert, Cyril Gitiaux, Siri Lynne Rydning, Kaja K Selmer, Roser Urreizti, Alberto Garcia-Oguiza, Andrés Nascimento Osorio, Edgard Verdura, Aurora Pujol, Hannah R McCurry, John E Landers, Sameer Agnihotri, E Corina Andriescu, Shade B Moody, Chanika Phornphutkul, Maria J Guillen Sacoto, Amber Begtrup, Henry Houlden, Janbernd Kirschner, David Schorling, Sabine Rudnik-Schöneborn, Tim M Strom, Steffen Leiz, Kali Juliette, Randal Richardson, Ying Yang, Yuehua Zhang, Minghui Wang, Jia Wang, Xiaodong Wang, Konrad Platzer, Sandra Donkervoort, Carsten G Bönnemann, Matias Wagner, Mahmoud Y Issa, Hasnaa M Elbendary, Valentina Stanley, Reza Maroofian, Joseph G Gleeson, Maha S Zaki, Jan Senderek, Udai Bhan Pandey. Loss of function mutations in GEMIN5 cause a neurodevelopmental disorder. Nature communications. 2021 May 07;12(1):2558

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PMID: 33963192

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