Development of a panel of autoantibody against NSG1 with CEA, CYFRA21-1, and SCC-Ag for the diagnosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Qingzhu Zheng, Liangming Zhang, Mingshu Tu, Xiaoqing Yin, Liqing Cai, Songgao Zhang, Lili Yu, Xiaojie Pan, Yi Huang

Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry 2021 Sep

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Development of a panel of serum autoantibody against Neuron specific gene family member 1 (NSG1) with traditional tumor biomarkers of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) to further improve the diagnostic efficiency for ESCC patients. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was used to detect the expression of NSG1 protein in 40 pairs of ESCC tissues and matched paracancerous tissues. Serum anti-NSG1 levels of 203 patients with early ESCC, 103 patients with advanced ESCC, 135 patients with esophageal benign lesion (EBL), and 155 healthy controls (HCs) were detected by ELISA. The diagnostic performances of all possible combinations of serum anti-NSG1with CEA, CYFRA21-1 and SCC-Ag were assessed to develop an optimal panel for ESCC diagnosis. NSG1 protein expression in ESCC tissues was significantly higher than that in matched paracancerous tissues (p < 0.001). Serum anti-NSG1 expression in ESCC group was significantly higher than that in EBL group and HC group (p < 0.001). The AUC of serum anti-NSG1 for ESCC was 0.706, with 49.7% sensitivity at 93.5% specificity, superior to that of CEA, CYFRA21-1 and SCC-Ag. Of all possible combinations, serum anti-NSG1 combined with CEA, CYFRA21-1 and SCC-Ag showed the highest AUC of 0.758 and 67.3% sensitivity at 88.3% specificity for ESCC, with the highest NPV of 71.9% and the lowest NLR of 0.37. Aberrant NSG1 protein expression in ESCC tissues might be responsible for massive releases of autoantibody anginst NSG1 in sera of ESCC. A panel of anti-NSG1 with CEA, CYFRA21-1 and SCC-Ag contributes to further improving the diagnostic efficiency for ESCC. Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Citation

Qingzhu Zheng, Liangming Zhang, Mingshu Tu, Xiaoqing Yin, Liqing Cai, Songgao Zhang, Lili Yu, Xiaojie Pan, Yi Huang. Development of a panel of autoantibody against NSG1 with CEA, CYFRA21-1, and SCC-Ag for the diagnosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry. 2021 Sep;520:126-132