Remodeling and activation mechanisms of outer arm dyneins revealed by cryo-EM.

Shintaroh Kubo, Shun Kai Yang, Corbin S Black, Daniel Dai, Melissa Valente-Paterno, Jacek Gaertig, Muneyoshi Ichikawa, Khanh Huy Bui

EMBO reports 2021 Sep 06

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Cilia are thin microtubule-based protrusions of eukaryotic cells. The swimming of ciliated protists and sperm cells is propelled by the beating of cilia. Cilia propagate the flow of mucus in the trachea and protect the human body from viral infections. The main force generators of ciliary beating are the outer dynein arms (ODAs) which attach to the doublet microtubules. The bending of cilia is driven by the ODAs' conformational changes caused by ATP hydrolysis. Here, we report the native ODA complex structure attaching to the doublet microtubule by cryo-electron microscopy. The structure reveals how the ODA complex is attached to the doublet microtubule via the docking complex in its native state. Combined with coarse-grained molecular dynamic simulations, we present a model of how the attachment of the ODA to the doublet microtubule induces remodeling and activation of the ODA complex. © 2021 The Authors.

Citation

Shintaroh Kubo, Shun Kai Yang, Corbin S Black, Daniel Dai, Melissa Valente-Paterno, Jacek Gaertig, Muneyoshi Ichikawa, Khanh Huy Bui. Remodeling and activation mechanisms of outer arm dyneins revealed by cryo-EM. EMBO reports. 2021 Sep 06;22(9):e52911