Prevalence of cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis in cases with idiopathic bilateral juvenile cataract in ophthalmology clinics in Turkey.

Huban Atilla, Turgay Coskun, Bulent Elibol, Sibel Kadayifcilar, Serdar Altinel, GEN-EYE-I Working Group

Journal of AAPOS : the official publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus 2021 Oct

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To determine the prevalence of cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX) in patients with idiopathic bilateral juvenile cataract in Turkey. In this multicenter, epidemiologic observational study, patients with idiopathic bilateral juvenile cataract (aged ≥1 year at study entry) were identified from the records of 31 ophthalmology clinics. The Mignarri suspicion index determined in all potential CTX patients; blood samples were collected, and genetic testing for CYP27A1 gene mutation was performed. Cholestanol levels of the patients were measured, and those with a level of ≥3.75 μg/mL (threshold value) underwent genetic testing for mutations in the CYP27A1 gene. CTX was diagnosed in 7 of 452 patients (1.55%) with bilateral juvenile cataract. There was no significant difference between patients with a Mignarri score of <100 (n = 8) and those with a score of ≥100 (n = 19) with respect to cholestanol levels and genetic test results. Genetic testing was undertaken in 27 patients based on elevated cholestanol levels. Of these 27, 7 (26%) had CYP27A1 gene mutations. Of these 7 patients with genetically confirmed CTX, 5 (71%) were in the group with higher Mignarri score (≥100). CTX is a treatable condition, and early detection is crucial for avoiding irreversible neurological manifestations. Screening using the Mignarri suspicion index and cholestanol blood levels can be helpful in identifying suspected cases of CTX. Copyright © 2021 American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Citation

Huban Atilla, Turgay Coskun, Bulent Elibol, Sibel Kadayifcilar, Serdar Altinel, GEN-EYE-I Working Group. Prevalence of cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis in cases with idiopathic bilateral juvenile cataract in ophthalmology clinics in Turkey. Journal of AAPOS : the official publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. 2021 Oct;25(5):269.e1-269.e6