Isolation and identification of an arabinogalactan extracted from pistachio external hull: Assessment of immunostimulatory activity.

Mariem Hamed, Elisabete Coelho, Rita Bastos, Dmitry V Evtuguin, Sónia S Ferreira, Tânia Lima, Manuel Vilanova, Assaad Sila, Manuel A Coimbra, Ali Bougatef

Food chemistry 2022 Mar 30

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This work studies the extraction and purification of a novel arabinogalactan from pistachio external hull. It was extracted with a simple method from pistachio hull which is considered as unexploited waste. Based on the results of sugar analysis by GC-FID, glycosidic linkage by GC-MS, NMR spectroscopy, and molecular weight by Size Exclusion Chromatography, pistachio hull water soluble polysaccharides (PHWSP) were identified as a type II arabinogalactan (AG), with characteristic terminally linked α-Araf, (α1 → 5)-Araf, (α1 → 3,5)-Araf, terminally linked β-Galp, (β1 → 6)-Galp, and (β1 → 3,6)-Galp. DEPT-135, HSQC, HMBC and COSY NMR data suggested the presence of (β1 → 3)-Galp mainly branched at O-6 with (β1 → 6)-Galp chains, α-Araf chains, and terminally linked α-Araf. These AG from pistachio external hulls showed in vitro stimulatory activity for B cells, suggesting their possible use as an immunological stimulant in nutraceutical and biomedical applications. Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Citation

Mariem Hamed, Elisabete Coelho, Rita Bastos, Dmitry V Evtuguin, Sónia S Ferreira, Tânia Lima, Manuel Vilanova, Assaad Sila, Manuel A Coimbra, Ali Bougatef. Isolation and identification of an arabinogalactan extracted from pistachio external hull: Assessment of immunostimulatory activity. Food chemistry. 2022 Mar 30;373(Pt A):131416