Adult T-Cell Leukemia: a Comprehensive Overview on Current and Promising Treatment Modalities.

Rita Hleihel, Abdou Akkouche, Hala Skayneh, Olivier Hermine, Ali Bazarbachi, Hiba El Hajj

Current oncology reports 2021 Nov 04

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Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) is an aggressive chemo-resistant malignancy secondary to HTLV-1 retrovirus. Prognosis of ATL remains dismal. Herein, we emphasized on the current ATL treatment modalities and their drawbacks, and opened up on promising targeted therapies with special focus on the HTLV-1 regulatory proteins Tax and HBZ. Indolent ATL and a fraction of acute ATL exhibit long-term survival following antiviral treatment with zidovudine and interferon-alpha. Monoclonal antibodies such as mogamulizumab improved response rates, but with little effect on survival. Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation results in long-term survival in one third of transplanted patients, alas only few patients are transplanted. Salvage therapy with lenalidomide in relapsed/refractory patients leads to prolonged survival in some of them. ATL remains an unmet medical need. Targeted therapies focusing on the HTLV-1 viral replication and/or viral regulatory proteins, as well as on the host antiviral immunity, represent a promising approach for the treatment of ATL. © 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

Citation

Rita Hleihel, Abdou Akkouche, Hala Skayneh, Olivier Hermine, Ali Bazarbachi, Hiba El Hajj. Adult T-Cell Leukemia: a Comprehensive Overview on Current and Promising Treatment Modalities. Current oncology reports. 2021 Nov 04;23(12):141