Toxocariasis-associated urinary system diseases: a systematic review of reported cases.

Toxocariasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati. Toxocara species can involve many organs, such as the brain, heart and lungs, however, the urinary system involvement of toxocariasis is largely unknown. We performed a systematic review to identify cases infected with urinary tract toxocariasis. We identified seven cases that were eligible to be reviewed. Among the included citations, four studies reported bladder involvement and three reported kidney involvement. Fever, urinary, and abdominal presentations were amongst the most important clinical symptoms. Eosinophilic cystitis and nephrotic syndrome were the most common diagnoses.. The treatment regimen included a combination of anthelmintic drugs and steroids. In cases of urinary tract presentations accompanied by eosinophilia or histopathologic findings suggestive of parasitic infection, toxocariasis should be included in the list of differential diagnoses, especially in endemic areas. © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

Citation

Ali Ardekani, Amirhossein Roshanshad, Seyed Ali Hosseini, Jean-François Magnaval, Ali Abdollahi, Ali Rostami. Toxocariasis-associated urinary system diseases: a systematic review of reported cases. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 2022 Jul 06;116(7):668-672

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PMID: 34791477

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