18 F-fluorodeoxy-glucose positron emission tomography pattern and prognostic predictors in patients with anti-GABAB receptor encephalitis.

To identify the metabolic pattern and prognostic predictors in anti-gamma-aminobutyric-acid B (GABAB) receptor encephalitis using 18 F-fluorodeoxy-glucose positron emission tomography (18 F-FDG-PET). Twenty-one patients diagnosed anti-GABAB receptor encephalitis who underwent 18 F-FDG-PET at first hospitalization were retrospectively reviewed. 18 F-FDG-PET images were analyzed in comparison with controls. Further group comparisons of 18 F-FDG-PET data were carried out between prognostic subgroups. 18 F-FDG-PET was abnormal in 81% patients with anti-GABAB receptor encephalitis and was more sensitive than MRI (81% vs. 42.9%, p = 0.025). Alter limbic lobe glucose metabolism (mostly hypermetabolism) was observed in 14 patients (66.7%), of whom 10 (10/14, 71.4%) demonstrated hypermetabolism in the medial temporal lobe (MTL). Group analysis also confirmed MTL hypermetabolism in association with relative frontal and parietal hypometabolism was a general metabolic pattern. After a median follow-up of 33 months, the group comparisons revealed that patients with poor outcome demonstrated increased metabolism in the MTL compared to those with good outcome. 18 F-FDG-PET may be more sensitive than MRI in the early diagnosis of anti-GABAB receptor encephalitis. MTL hypermetabolism was associated with relative frontal or parietal hypometabolism and may serve as a prognostic biomarker in anti-GABAB receptor encephalitis. © 2021 The Authors. CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Citation

Xiao Liu, Tingting Yu, Xiaobin Zhao, Gongfei Li, Ruijuan Lv, Lin Ai, Qun Wang. 18 F-fluorodeoxy-glucose positron emission tomography pattern and prognostic predictors in patients with anti-GABAB receptor encephalitis. CNS neuroscience & therapeutics. 2022 Feb;28(2):269-278

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PMID: 34837479

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