Isolation and characterization of indigo-reducing bacteria and analysis of microbiota from indigo fermentation suspensions.

In natural indigo dyeing, the water-insoluble indigo included in the composted indigo leaves called sukumo is converted to water-soluble leuco-indigo through the reduction activities of microorganisms under alkaline conditions. To understand the relationship between indigo reduction and microorganisms in indigo-fermentation suspensions, we isolated and identified the microorganisms that reduce indigo and analyzed the microbiota in indigo-fermentation suspensions. Indigo-reducing microorganisms, which were not isolated by means of a conventional indigo carmine-reduction assay method, were isolated by using indigo as a direct substrate and further identified and characterized. We succeeded in isolating bacteria closely related to Corynebacterium glutamicum, Chryseomicrobium aureum, and Enterococcus sp. for the first time. Anthraquinone was found to be an effective mediator that facilitated the indigo-reduction activity of the isolated strains. On analysis of the microbiota in indigo-fermentation suspensions, the ratio of indigo-reducing bacteria and others was found to be important for maintaining the indigo-reduction activity. © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry.

Citation

Kasumi Nakagawa, Michiki Takeuchi, Manami Tada, Momoka Matsunaga, Masami Kugo, Suzuna Kiyofuji, Mayu Kikuchi, Kazuya Yomota, Takaiku Sakamoto, Kenji Kano, Jun Ogawa, Eiji Sakuradani. Isolation and characterization of indigo-reducing bacteria and analysis of microbiota from indigo fermentation suspensions. Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry. 2022 Jan 24;86(2):273-281

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PMID: 34864880

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