How integrin phosphorylations regulate cell adhesion and signaling.

Carl G Gahmberg, Mikaela Grönholm

Trends in biochemical sciences 2022 Mar

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Cell adhesion is essential for the formation of organs, cellular migration, and interaction with target cells and the extracellular matrix. Integrins are large protein α/β-chain heterodimers and form a major family of cell adhesion molecules. Recent research has dramatically increased our knowledge of how integrin phosphorylations regulate integrin activity. Phosphorylations determine the signaling complexes formed on the cytoplasmic tails, regulating downstream signaling. α-Chain phosphorylation is necessary for inducing β-chain phosphorylation in LFA-1, and the crosstalk from one integrin to another activating or inactivating its function is in part mediated by phosphorylation of β-chains. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and possible integrin coreceptors may crosstalk and induce a phosphorylation switch and autophagy. Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

Citation

Carl G Gahmberg, Mikaela Grönholm. How integrin phosphorylations regulate cell adhesion and signaling. Trends in biochemical sciences. 2022 Mar;47(3):265-278