An antisense transcript transcribed from Irs2 locus contributes to the pathogenesis of hepatic steatosis in insulin resistance.

Maya Matsushita, Motoharu Awazawa, Naoki Kobayashi, Yoshiko Matsumoto Ikushima, Kotaro Soeda, Miwa Tamura-Nakano, Masafumi Muratani, Kenta Kobayashi, Matthias Blüher, Jens C Brüning, Kohjiro Ueki

Cell chemical biology 2022 Apr 21

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During insulin resistance, lipid uptake by the liver is promoted by peroxisome proliferator-activated protein (PPAR) γ upregulation, leading to hepatic steatosis. Insulin, however, does not directly regulate adipogenic gene expression in liver, and the mechanisms for its upregulation in obesity remain unclear. Here, we show that the Irs2 locus, a critical regulator of insulin actions, encodes an antisense transcript, ASIrs2, whose expression increases in obesity or after refeeding in liver, reciprocal to that of Irs2. ASIrs2 regulates hepatic Pparg expression, and its suppression ameliorates steatosis in obese mice. The human ortholog AL162497.1, whose expression is correlated with that of hepatic PPARG and the severity of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), shows genomic organization similar to that of ASIrs2. We also identified HARS2 as a potential binding protein for ASIrs2, functioning as a regulator of Pparg. Collectively, our data reveal a functional duality of the Irs2 gene locus, where reciprocal changes of Irs2 and ASIrs2 in obesity cause insulin resistance and steatosis. Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Citation

Maya Matsushita, Motoharu Awazawa, Naoki Kobayashi, Yoshiko Matsumoto Ikushima, Kotaro Soeda, Miwa Tamura-Nakano, Masafumi Muratani, Kenta Kobayashi, Matthias Blüher, Jens C Brüning, Kohjiro Ueki. An antisense transcript transcribed from Irs2 locus contributes to the pathogenesis of hepatic steatosis in insulin resistance. Cell chemical biology. 2022 Apr 21;29(4):680-689.e6