Local envenomation caused by a bioactive peptide fraction of Bothrops jararaca snake venom induces leukocyte influx in the lung and changes in pulmonary mechanics.

Carlos Alberto-Silva, Samyr Machado Querobino, Cesar Augusto Melo-Silva, Maricilia Silva Costa, Luis Vicente Franco Oliveira, Stella Regina Zamuner

Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology 2022 Feb

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The crude venom of the Bothrops jararaca snake (Bj-CV) is a complex mixture of biologically active proteins that includes a variety of peptides in the low molecular weight fraction (Bj-PF). We investigated how an intramuscular injection of Bj-CV (1.2 mg kg-1) and Bj-PF (0.24 mg kg-1) influenced lung mechanics and lung and muscle inflammation in male Swiss mice 15 min, 1, 6, and 24 h after inoculation. Pressure dissipation against lung resistive components (ΔP1) rose significantly from 1 to 24 h after Bj-CV and 6-24 h after Bj-PF inoculation. Both Bj-CV and Bj-PF increased the total pressure variation of the lung (ΔPtot) 24 h after injection. Lung static elastance increased significantly after injection in all time periods investigated by Bj-CV and from 6 to 24 h by Bj-PF. Lung static elastance increased significantly after injection in all time periods investigated by Bj-CV and from 6 to 24 h by Bj-PF. Furthermore, intramuscular inoculation of Bj-CV and Bj-PF resulted in an increase in muscle and pulmonary inflammation, as evidenced by an increase in leukocyte influx when compared to the control group. Finally, both Bj-CV and Bj-PF cause acute lung injury, as shown by pulmonary inflammation and decreased lung mechanics. Furthermore, the fact that Bj-PF produces mechanical alterations in the lungs and muscular inflammation implies that non-enzymatic compounds can cause inflammation. Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Citation

Carlos Alberto-Silva, Samyr Machado Querobino, Cesar Augusto Melo-Silva, Maricilia Silva Costa, Luis Vicente Franco Oliveira, Stella Regina Zamuner. Local envenomation caused by a bioactive peptide fraction of Bothrops jararaca snake venom induces leukocyte influx in the lung and changes in pulmonary mechanics. Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology. 2022 Feb;207:52-59