Sensitizing Staphylococcus aureus to antibacterial agents by decoding and blocking the lipid flippase MprF.

eLife 2022 Jan 19

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The pandemic of antibiotic resistance represents a major human health threat demanding new antimicrobial strategies. Multiple peptide resistance factor (MprF) is the synthase and flippase of the phospholipid lysyl-phosphatidylglycerol that increases virulence and resistance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and other pathogens to cationic host defense peptides and antibiotics. With the aim to design MprF inhibitors that could sensitize MRSA to antimicrobial agents and support the clearance of staphylococcal infections with minimal selection pressure, we developed MprF-targeting monoclonal antibodies, which bound and blocked the MprF flippase subunit. Antibody M-C7.1 targeted a specific loop in the flippase domain that proved to be exposed at both sides of the bacterial membrane, thereby enhancing the mechanistic understanding of bacterial lipid translocation. M-C7.1 rendered MRSA susceptible to host antimicrobial peptides and antibiotics such as daptomycin, and it impaired MRSA survival in human phagocytes. Thus, MprF inhibitors are recommended for new antivirulence approaches against MRSA and other bacterial pathogens. © 2022, Slavetinsky et al.

Citation

Christoph J Slavetinsky, Janna N Hauser, Cordula Gekeler, Jessica Slavetinsky, André Geyer, Alexandra Kraus, Doris Heilingbrunner, Samuel Wagner, Michael Tesar, Bernhard Krismer, Sebastian Kuhn, Christoph M Ernst, Andreas Peschel. Sensitizing Staphylococcus aureus to antibacterial agents by decoding and blocking the lipid flippase MprF. eLife. 2022 Jan 19;11