NFATc1/αA and Blimp-1 Support the Follicular and Effector Phenotype of Tregs.

Frontiers in immunology 2021

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CD4+CXCR5+Foxp3+ T-follicular regulatory (TFR) cells control the germinal center responses. Like T-follicular helper cells, they express high levels of Nuclear Factor of Activated T-cells c1, predominantly its short isoform NFATc1/αA. Ablation of NFATc1 in Tregs prevents upregulation of CXCR5 and migration of TFR cells into B-cell follicles. By contrast, constitutive active NFATc1/αA defines the surface density of CXCR5, whose level determines how deep a TFR migrates into the GC and how effectively it controls antibody production. As one type of effector Treg, TFR cells express B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein-1 (Blimp-1). Blimp-1 can directly repress Cxcr5 and NFATc1/αA is necessary to overcome this Blimp-1-mediated repression. Interestingly, Blimp-1 even reinforces the recruitment of NFATc1 to Cxcr5 by protein-protein interaction and by those means cooperates with NFATc1 for Cxcr5 transactivation. On the contrary, Blimp-1 is necessary to counterbalance NFATc1/αA and preserve the Treg identity. This is because although NFATc1/αA strengthens the follicular development of Tregs, it bears the inherent risk of causing an ex-Treg phenotype. Copyright © 2022 Koenig, Vaeth, Xiao, Chiarolla, Erapaneedi, Klein, Dietz, Hundhausen, Majumder, Schuessler, Bopp, Klein-Hessling, Rosenwald, Berberich and Berberich-Siebelt.

Citation

Anika Koenig, Martin Vaeth, Yin Xiao, Cristina M Chiarolla, Raghu Erapaneedi, Matthias Klein, Lena Dietz, Nadine Hundhausen, Snigdha Majumder, Felix Schuessler, Tobias Bopp, Stefan Klein-Hessling, Andreas Rosenwald, Ingolf Berberich, Friederike Berberich-Siebelt. NFATc1/αA and Blimp-1 Support the Follicular and Effector Phenotype of Tregs. Frontiers in immunology. 2021;12:791100