Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Nucleocapsid Antigen in Urine of Hospitalized Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019.

The Journal of infectious diseases 2022 Sep 13

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) nucleocapsid antigen (N-Ag) can be detected in the blood of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We used a highly sensitive and specific assay to explore the presence of N-Ag in urine during the course of COVID-19 and its relationship with the severity of disease. We studied urinary and plasma N-Ag using a highly sensitive immunoassay in 82 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection proved by polymerase chain reaction. In the first and second weeks of COVID-19, hospitalized patients tested positive for urinary N-Ag (81.25% and 71.79%, respectively) and plasma N-Ag (93.75% and 94.87%, respectively). High urinary N-Ag levels were associated with the absence of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antibodies, admission in intensive care units, high C-reactive protein levels, lymphopenia, eosinopenia, and high lactate dehydrogenase levels. Higher accuracy was observed for urinary N-Ag as a predictor of severe COVID-19 than for plasma N-Ag. Our study demonstrates that N-Ag is present in the urine of patients hospitalized in the early phase of COVID-19. As a direct marker of SARS-CoV-2, urinary N-Ag reflects the dissemination of viral compounds in the body. Urinary N-Ag may be a useful marker for disease severity in SARS-CoV-2 infections. © The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Citation

Nicolas Veyrenche, Amandine Pisoni, Ségolène Debiesse, Karine Bollore, Anne Sophie Bedin, Alain Makinson, Clémence Niel, Carmen Alcocer-Cordellat, Anne Marie Mondain, Vincent Le Moing, Philippe Van de Perre, Edouard Tuaillon. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Nucleocapsid Antigen in Urine of Hospitalized Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019. The Journal of infectious diseases. 2022 Sep 13;226(5):812-821