Toward Typhoid Fever Elimination.

Farhana Khanam, Allen G Ross, Nigel A J McMillan, Firdausi Qadri

International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases 2022 Jun

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Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi (S Typhi) causes typhoid fever and is responsible for an estimated 9 million cases and 110,000 deaths globally per annum. Typhoid fever is endemic in areas where water, sanitation, and hygiene (WaSH) infrastructure is poor. Serious complications develop in approximately 10%-15% of patients if left untreated, and this is driven by inadequate diagnostic methods and the high burden of antibiotic-resistant strains, complicating clinical management and ultimately prognosis. Asymptomatic chronic carriers, in addition to acutely infected patients, contribute to continued transmission through the shedding of the organism in the feces. The high morbidity and mortality of typhoid fever in low- and middle-income countries reinforce the need for an integrated control approach, which may ultimately lead to elimination of the disease in the 21st century. Here we discuss the challenges faced in pursuit of typhoid fever elimination. Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

Citation

Farhana Khanam, Allen G Ross, Nigel A J McMillan, Firdausi Qadri. Toward Typhoid Fever Elimination. International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases. 2022 Jun;119:41-43