Prospective comparison of 5- and 7-day administration of azacitidine for myelodysplastic syndromes: a JALSG MDS212 trial.
Yasushi Miyazaki, Toru Kiguchi, Shinya Sato, Kensuke Usuki, Ken Ishiyama, Yoshikazu Ito, Takahiro Suzuki, Jun Taguchi, Shigeru Chiba, Nobuaki Dobashi, Akihiro Tomita, Hironori Harada, Hiroshi Handa, Shigeo Horiike, Tomoya Maeda, Mitsuhiro Matsuda, Motoshi Ichikawa, Tomoko Hata, Sumihisa Honda, Satoshi Iyama, Hitoshi Suzushima, Yukiyoshi Moriuchi, Toshiro Kurokawa, Kenichi Yokota, Shigeki Ohtake, Takahiro Yamauchi, Itaru Matsumura, Hitoshi Kiyoi, Tomoki Naoe, Japan Adult Leukemia Study Group
International journal of hematology 2022 May 04The hypomethylating agent azacitidine (AZA) significantly extends overall survival (OS) in patients with higher risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), when compared with other conventional care regimens, including supportive care and low-dose and intensive chemotherapy. However, the effects of 5- and 7-day treatment schedules of AZA (AZA-5 and AZA-7, respectively) on the OS of MDS patients had not been compared prospectively. We started a phase 3 trial comparing the effects of AZA-7 and AZA-5 on MDS patients with refractory anemia with excess blasts (RAEB) and RAEB in transformation (RAEB-T). However, this trial was prematurely terminated because of poor recruitment. Using all data, there was no significant difference in the OS of patients between AZA-7 (92 patients) and AZA-5 (95 patients), with the 2-year OS rates of AZA-7 and AZA-5 at 36.4% and 25.8%, respectively (P = 0.293). Adverse event profiles were similar between the two groups. Interestingly, data of the centrally diagnosed RAEB and RAEB-T cases showed that AZA-7 significantly prolonged the time to leukemia transformation compared with AZA-5 (P = 0.022), confirmed by multivariate analysis. Although this trial could not provide definite evidence, the results support the use of AZA-7 for RAEB and RAEB-T. (UMIN Clinical Trials Registry UMIN000009633).© 2022. Japanese Society of Hematology.
Citation
Yasushi Miyazaki, Toru Kiguchi, Shinya Sato, Kensuke Usuki, Ken Ishiyama, Yoshikazu Ito, Takahiro Suzuki, Jun Taguchi, Shigeru Chiba, Nobuaki Dobashi, Akihiro Tomita, Hironori Harada, Hiroshi Handa, Shigeo Horiike, Tomoya Maeda, Mitsuhiro Matsuda, Motoshi Ichikawa, Tomoko Hata, Sumihisa Honda, Satoshi Iyama, Hitoshi Suzushima, Yukiyoshi Moriuchi, Toshiro Kurokawa, Kenichi Yokota, Shigeki Ohtake, Takahiro Yamauchi, Itaru Matsumura, Hitoshi Kiyoi, Tomoki Naoe, Japan Adult Leukemia Study Group. Prospective comparison of 5- and 7-day administration of azacitidine for myelodysplastic syndromes: a JALSG MDS212 trial. International journal of hematology. 2022 May 04
PMID: 35508695
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