Aerobic exercise training engages cholinergic signaling to improve emphysema induced by cigarette smoke exposure in mice.

Lung inflammation is modulated by cholinergic signaling and exercise training protects mice against pulmonary emphysema development; however, whether exercise training engages cholinergic signaling is unknown. As cholinergic signaling is directly linked to the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) levels, we evaluated whether the effects of aerobic exercise training depend on the VAChT levels in mice with pulmonary emphysema. Wild-type (WT) and mutant (KDHOM) mice (65-70% of reduction in VAChT levels) were exposed to cigarette smoke (30 min, 2×/day, 5×/week, 12 weeks) and submitted or not to aerobic exercise training on a treadmill (60 min/day, 5×/week, 12 weeks). Lung function and inflammation were evaluated. Cigarette smoke reduced body mass in mice (p < 0.001) and increased alveolar diameter (p < 0.001), inflammation (p < 0.001) and collagen deposition (p < 0.01) in lung tissue. Both trained groups improved their performance in the final physical test compared to the initial test (p < 0.001). In WT mice, exercise training protected against emphysema development (p < 0.05), reduced mononuclear cells infiltrate (p < 0.001) and increased MAC-2 positive cells in lung parenchyma (p < 0.05); however, these effects were not observed in KDHOM mice. The exercise training reduced iNOS-positive cells (p < 0.001) and collagen fibers deposition (p < 0.05) in lung parenchyma of WT and KDHOM mice, although KDHOM mice showed higher levels of iNOS-positive cells. Our data suggest that the protective effects of aerobic exercise training on pulmonary emphysema are, at least in part, dependent on the integrity of the lung cholinergic signaling. Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Citation

Camila Liyoko Suehiro, Natália Tiemi Simokomaki Souza, Emerson Batista da Silva, Maysa Mariana Cruz, Roseane Martins Laia, Stheffany de Oliveira Santos, Fernanda Paula Roncon Santana-Novelli, Thamyres Barros Pereira de Castro, Fernanda D T Q S Lopes, Nathalia Montouro Pinheiro, Iolanda de Fátima Lopes Calvo Tibério, Clarice Rosa Olivo, Maria Isabel Alonso-Vale, Marco Antonio Maximo Prado, Vania Ferreira Prado, Alessandra Choqueta de Toledo-Arruda, Carla Máximo Prado. Aerobic exercise training engages cholinergic signaling to improve emphysema induced by cigarette smoke exposure in mice. Life sciences. 2022 Jul 15;301:120599

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PMID: 35513085

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