Tolvaptan induces body fluid loss and subsequent water conservation in normal rats.

We have recently reported that the urea osmolyte-associated water conservation system is activated in fluid loss models such as high salt-induced natriuresis, renal injury-induced impaired renal concentrating ability, or skin barrier dysfunction-induced transepidermal water loss. The system consists of the interaction of multiple organs including renal urea recycling, hepato-muscular ureagenesis, and suppression of cardiovascular energy expenditure. Here, we determined the effect of pharmacological fluid loss induced by tolvaptan, a selective vasopressin V2 receptor antagonist, on water conservation. We evaluated the water conservation system in rats that consumed a control diet or a diet containing 0.1% tolvaptan. Tolvaptan increased urine volume on day 1, but this renal water loss then gradually decreased. Body water and osmolyte content were decreased by tolvaptan on day 1 but had normalized by day 7. Tolvaptan induced fluid loss on day 1, and the following restoration of body fluid on day 7 was associated with an increase in urea transporter A1-associated renal urea recycling. Tolvaptan did not affect hepato-muscular ureagenesis on day 1 and day 7, or cardiovascular energy expenditure during treatment. Thus, tolvaptan-induced fluid loss leads to activation of the water conservation system via renal urea recycling. Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Citation

Satoshi Kidoguchi, Kento Kitada, Yoshihide Fujisawa, Daisuke Nakano, Takashi Yokoo, Jens Titze, Akira Nishiyama. Tolvaptan induces body fluid loss and subsequent water conservation in normal rats. Journal of pharmacological sciences. 2022 Jul;149(3):115-123

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PMID: 35641024

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