Antiviral Activity of Porcine IFN-λ3 and IFN-α against Porcine Rotavirus In Vitro.

Lishuang Deng, Yue Yin, Zhiwen Xu, Fengqin Li, Jun Zhao, Huidan Deng, Zhijie Jian, Siyuan Lai, Xiangang Sun, Ling Zhu

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) 2022 Jul 18

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Interferons (IFNs) play a major role in the host's antiviral innate immunity. In response to viral infection, IFNs bind their receptors and initiate a signaling cascade, leading to the accurate transcriptional regulation of hundreds of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). Porcine rotavirus (PoRV) belongs to genus Rotavirus of the Reoviridae family; the infection is a global epidemic disease and a major threat to the pig industry. In this study, we found that IFN-λ3 inhibited the replication of PoRV in both MA104 cells and IPEC-J2 cells, and this inhibition was dose-dependent. Furthermore, the antiviral activity of IFN-λ3 was more potent in IPEC-J2 cells than in MA104 cells. Further research showed that IFN-λ3 and IFN-α might inhibit PoRV infection by activating ISGs, i.e., MxA, OASL and ISG15, in IPEC-J2 cells. However, the co-treatment of IFN-λ3 and IFN-α did not enhance the antiviral activity. Our data demonstrated that IFN-λ3 had antiviral activity against PoRV and may serve as a useful antiviral candidate against PoRV, as well as other viruses in swine.

Citation

Lishuang Deng, Yue Yin, Zhiwen Xu, Fengqin Li, Jun Zhao, Huidan Deng, Zhijie Jian, Siyuan Lai, Xiangang Sun, Ling Zhu. Antiviral Activity of Porcine IFN-λ3 and IFN-α against Porcine Rotavirus In Vitro. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2022 Jul 18;27(14)