Phenytoin Induced Drug Reaction With Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms Syndrome: A Clinical Case Report.

Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome is a rare and potentially life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction with cutaneous presentation and internal organ involvement. We herein present a case of phenytoin induced DRESS syndrome in a 56- year-old male who presented with high-grade fever and chills, cough with expectoration and generalized maculopapular rash. Laboratory findings revealed eosinophilia, leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia, transaminitis and elevated inflammatory markers. Further clinical, radiological and histopathological assessments confirmed the diagnosis. Phenytoin was discontinued, and patient was started on intravenous dexamethasone, which was later switched to oral prednisone. Rapid resolution of fever, eosinophilia and progressive improvement in skin rash and liver dysfunction was observed. Our report highlights the importance of prompt recognition of DRESS syndrome and the need for a guideline directed therapy for the management of this adverse drug reaction.

Citation

Arshamol Varghese, Aaja Alosious, Rimisha Thomas, Kavya Surendran, Jobin K Vilapurathu. Phenytoin Induced Drug Reaction With Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms Syndrome: A Clinical Case Report. Journal of pharmacy practice. 2022 Aug 04:8971900221116686

PMID: 35924976

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